Tendon Repair: Procedure, Recovery, and Complications Procedure

Tendon repair is a surgical procedure aimed at fixing damaged or torn tendons, which are the fibrous tissues connecting muscles to bones. Here’s an overview of the procedure:

1. Diagnosis and Preparation: The process begins with a thorough diagnosis, often involving physical examination and imaging tests like MRI or ultrasound. Once the injury is confirmed, the patient is prepared for surgery, which might involve fasting and stopping certain medications.
2. Anesthesia: The surgery is usually performed under local, regional, or general anesthesia, depending on the location and extent of the injury.
3. Incision: The surgeon makes an incision over the injured tendon to access it.
4. Repair: The torn ends of the tendon are sewn together using special sutures. In some cases, a tendon graft (tendon tissue from another part of the body or a donor) may be used to replace or reinforce the damaged tendon.
5. Closure: After the repair, the incision is closed with stitches or staples, and a bandage or splint is applied to protect the area.
6. Immobilization: The affected area is often immobilized using a cast, brace, or splint to keep the tendon in a position that promotes healing.

Recovery

Recovery from tendon repair surgery can vary depending on the severity of the injury and the specific tendon involved. Here’s a typical timeline and what to expect:

1. Immediate Post-Operative Period:Pain and swelling are common and managed with pain relievers.The limb is usually kept elevated to reduce swelling.
2. First Few Weeks:Immobilization continues to allow the tendon to heal.Physical therapy might begin with gentle movements to prevent stiffness.
3. Rehabilitation:Physical therapy intensifies gradually, focusing on restoring strength, flexibility, and range of motion.This phase can last several weeks to months.
4. Return to Activities:Full recovery and return to normal activities, including sports, can take several months.Compliance with rehabilitation exercises and follow-up visits is crucial for optimal recovery.

Complications

While tendon repair surgery is generally safe, potential complications can occur:

1. Infection: As with any surgery, there’s a risk of infection at the incision site.
2. Stiffness and Loss of Motion: Scar tissue can form and limit the range of motion.
3. Re-Rupture: The repaired tendon can tear again, especially if the area is stressed too soon after surgery.
4. Nerve Damage: Nearby nerves can be injured during surgery, leading to numbness or weakness.
5. Delayed Healing: Factors like poor blood supply, smoking, or certain medical conditions can slow the healing process.
6. Chronic Pain: Some patients may experience long-term pain despite successful repair.

Conclusion

Tendon repair is a critical surgical procedure for restoring function and mobility after a tendon injury. Understanding the procedure, expected recovery timeline, and potential complications can help patients prepare for surgery and adhere to post-operative care, ensuring the best possible outcomes. Always consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice and treatment plans.