5 Common Causes of Stomach Pain.

Stomach pain is a common ailment that can range from a mild ache to severe discomfort. It can be caused by a variety of factors, some of which may require medical attention. Understanding the common causes of stomach pain can help you determine when to seek help and how to alleviate your symptoms.

1. Indigestion (Dyspepsia)

• Symptoms: Bloating, nausea, burping, and a feeling of fullness after eating.
• Explanation: Indigestion occurs when your stomach has difficulty breaking down food. It can be triggered by overeating, eating too quickly, consuming fatty or spicy foods, and drinking too much caffeine or alcohol. Stress and anxiety can also contribute to indigestion.

2. Gastritis

• Symptoms: Burning pain in the upper abdomen, nausea, vomiting, and a feeling of fullness in the upper abdomen after eating.
• Explanation: Gastritis is the inflammation of the stomach lining, which can be caused by excessive alcohol consumption, chronic vomiting, stress, or the use of certain medications like aspirin or anti-inflammatory drugs. It can also result from bacterial infections, such as Helicobacter pylori.

3. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

• Symptoms: Cramping, abdominal pain, bloating, gas, diarrhea, and constipation.
• Explanation: IBS is a common chronic condition affecting the large intestine. The exact cause is unknown, but it’s believed to be related to a combination of abnormal gut motility, heightened sensitivity to pain, and changes in the gut microbiome. Triggers can include certain foods, stress, and hormonal changes.

4. Peptic Ulcers

• Symptoms: Burning stomach pain, bloating, heartburn, and nausea.
• Explanation: Peptic ulcers are open sores that develop on the inner lining of the stomach or the upper part of the small intestine. They are commonly caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori or long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen and aspirin. The pain typically worsens when the stomach is empty.

5. Gallstones

• Symptoms: Sudden and intensifying pain in the upper right abdomen, back pain between your shoulder blades, and pain in your right shoulder.
• Explanation: Gallstones are hardened deposits of digestive fluid that can form in your gallbladder. They can block the flow of bile and cause severe pain. Risk factors include obesity, a high-fat diet, and certain medical conditions such as diabetes. Gallstones can lead to complications like inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis) if left untreated.

When to Seek Medical Help

While many causes of stomach pain are not serious and can be managed with lifestyle changes and over-the-counter medications, some symptoms warrant medical attention:

• Severe pain: Sudden, intense pain that doesn't go away.
• Prolonged pain: Pain that lasts for more than a few days.
• Accompanied by other symptoms: Such as fever, vomiting, difficulty swallowing, or blood in stools.
• Unexplained weight loss: Losing weight without trying can be a sign of an underlying condition.

Tips for Managing Stomach Pain

• Dietary changes: Avoid foods that trigger your symptoms, eat smaller meals, and stay hydrated.
• Stress management: Practice relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or yoga.
• Medications: Over-the-counter antacids or prescribed medications can help manage symptoms.
• Medical advice: Consult with a healthcare professional for a proper diagnosis and treatment plan.

Understanding the common causes of stomach pain can help you take proactive steps to manage your symptoms and improve your quality of life. If you're experiencing persistent or severe stomach pain, don't hesitate to seek medical advice.